DOES NOT CONTAIN ALCOHOL! WATER-BASED! Çaksir Çoban Çoban Çökerten Extract is the dried root of the species F. elaeochytris Korovin (Syn: F. meifolia (Fenzl) Boiss.). This species is a perennial plant with yellow flowers, 1-2 m high. It grows in the mountains of Adana, Içel, and Hatay regions. The roots carry starch, catechin tannin, saponin, alkaloid, resin and essential oil (0.6-0.8 ). The people of Antakya divide the plant into two parts: male (flowered) and female (not flowered, with rosette leaves). Ferula species have been used in treatment since the time of Dioscorides. There are about 17 Ferula species in Anatolia. The leaves of some of them (such as F. communis L., F. orientalis L., F. rigidula DC.) are used as food, especially in Eastern Anatolia, after being boiled in water to remove their bitterness. They are eaten cooked with eggs or pickled. The leaves of the Ferula species, after being dried, are also used as animal feed in the Eastern Anatolia region under the name of "Heliz" or "Helizan". SOURCE: Prof. Dr. Turhan BAYTOP: Treatment with Plants in Turkey (Past and Present), p. 393 – Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul (1984). INGREDIENTS: Çoban Çökerten, Çaksir Yesil Naturel and My FarmaEx products are entirely herbal and contain no chemical additives. Therefore, our products have the original taste and smell. Extracts, in particular, have a bitter taste because they contain the active ingredients of the plants from which they are made. The instructions above explain how to use the extracts. We are providing these instructions so that you are aware of what you are purchasing and how to use them. Please read these instructions carefully, as we do not accept returns related to the taste and smell of the products.